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Is Cloning Humans A Good Idea
in Science
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I think we can make some basic assumptions about how cloning will work in the future, though it's difficult to say precisely. We haven't started cloning humans yet, we don't know what regulations will be built around that technology once it becomes available, and we don't know how people will use it. Just the same, I think it's possible to answer at least some of your questions.
"How are you going to know which clone is which?"
The same way we tell the difference between twins. Just because they're genetically identical doesn't mean that there's absolutely no difference between them.
"How safe is the process of cloning?"
It's not. That's why it's not done in humans just yet. We can manage it in some animals, though there are issues with the clones having extremely short lifespans. I don't think what we're discussing here is the current state of the tech. I think we're discussing the need to pursue human cloning by improving the technology to the point that it can be done safely and efficiently.
"How much cloning is aloud as not to over populate with clones?"
With the current technology, there's no chance whatsoever that there will be overpopulation. The process is too time, labor and cost intensive to become widely used. If your question is, once it becomes widely available, how do we not overpopulate, I'd ask the same question of why pregnancy hasn't resulted in overpopulation. It's not like we're talking about growing humans in a lab, any more than we're talking about in vitro fertilization as growing humans in a lab. A clone would be implanted into a uterus and come to term.
"How can be cloned?"
I think you mean "who". Presumably, people with the resources and access to the scientific tech. There are likely to be some regulations that prevent certain people from cloning themselves, particularly when it comes to treating them as organ farms, but that's more about the usage of the clone than who gets to do so. Particularly when the technology is new, it will be available solely to the very rich.
"Can people who do bad things be cloned?"
I don't see why not. Are you expressing concerns over the capacity of someone to pass on "evil genes"? On that basis, should we allow people who do bad things to breed?
"How will the clones be raised if the are cloned to be a baby of the person who has been cloned?"
Presumably as an infant. I don't see how the fact that it is a clone fundamentally alters the fact that it is birthed into the world by a mother.
"If one clone is harm by an unexpected genetic issue should the other clones be notified encase they have the same issue?"
They would all have the same genetics, and presumably, so would the person from whom the clone is derived. If that's true, then yes, everyone should be notified. If there's some genetic issue arising from the cloning process, then that's also a good reason to notify them.
"Should you allow cloning of humans for science?"
That's how the first human clone will come into existence - for science. If your concern is that they're going to be used in a similar manner to lab rats, I'd say that the fact that they are human precludes such an instance.
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Inevitably, one day soon we will successfully clone ourselves.
Whether this is a good idea or not, is irrelevant.
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Admittedly, though, the situation gets more complex as we think about the ways people might use cloning to generate something that isn't quite human. For example, I've debated before whether it would be a good idea to make human clones that are essentially just organ factories, born into the world without any substantial neural faculties. Would we define that life as human? Would that life be subject to the same protections as a human? This pushes the issue out to what makes a human being human, and I don't think there's a solid answer for that yet.
That being said, I don't think cloning is ever likely to generate much of a "slave race." It would have to become a lot cheaper, faster and more mass producible (growing a human life in growth chambers would have to become a thing) before we could ever see something like that. At that future point, perhaps some countries would use the technology to generate a population of human beings for a given purpose without affording them basic rights.
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The reason I'm not concerned with the treatment of clones that would be clearly human is that we already do that with actual human beings. Clones, so long as they bear all of the traits of a human being, could not be classified as a sub-species - they would be human, and deserving of the same rights as any other human. Will some be sold into slavery on the black market? Probably, though I'd say that's less likely to happen than selling children conceived naturally into slavery, which happens right now, particularly with sex slaves. No matter how mass market cloning gets, it's still likely to be more expensive and demanding than basic conception, and since they will all have to be born into the world via uterus (at least for the conceivable future), they have all the same costs as a normal pregnancy on top of that. That's a very expensive way to make a slave. If we're talking about the possible future in which clones are made and grown in vitro (i.e. outside a human being), then that would also likely be much more expensive than pregnancy, and even if it was cheaper, people would do it to have children without cloning. If people were growing babies for super cheap, then that would be the problem, not cloning itself.
Last thing. @agsr, you said "I wouldn't want someone to clone me illegally and harvest for organs." No one would do that. The reason that someone would grow a clone in order to harvest organs is to clone themselves so that the organs are genetically identical to themselves. If they cloned you to harvest your clones' organs, it would defeat the purpose because you are not genetically identical to them.
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